Basic
HTML document elements
Using
Headings, Paragraphs, Links
Headings
Mostly text is divided into
parts and every part has its own heading. Heading is a phrase separated
from other text and written in the bigger and more distinct letters. Heading
HTML tags consist of the letter 'H' and the digit from 1 to 6. The biggest
heading letters are written with tag <H1>, and the smallest
ones with tag - <H6>. Heading tags are closed with </Hi>,
where i - is the digit from 1 to 6. Here are some examples (Tags that
should be used are put together with the examples):
<H1> Big text < /H1>
<H2> A bit smaller text
</H2>
<H3> This is the text I use
</H3>
<H4> Getting small </H4>
<H5> Small text </H5>
<H6> Do you see anything?..
</H6>
Paragraphs
Your browser automatically
divides your HTML text into lines according to your window width and
ignores any formatting symbols. To put your text into paragraphs use tag <P>.
Each new paragraph should begin with this tag. The paragraph closing tag
is </P>, but it is not required. Let's change our previous
example:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>My first HTML document</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
Hello World ! <P> That's all. Buy!
</BODY>
</HTML>
Now
the text that goes after <P> tag skips to a new line:
Hello World
!
That's all.
Buy!
This way we can divide long
text into paragraphs and make it easy to read.
Links
You probably know that you can
surf from one HTML document to another when you click on HTML links. For
linking we use the following tags: <A> (A stands for anchor).
Let's suppose that you want to put a link to your other HTML
document named 'mydoc2.html'. The command for linking would be:
<A HREF
="mydoc2.html">My second HTML document</A>.
-
We begin the command with <A
(space goes after letter).
-
HREF is asking for a location to link to: HREF="HTML document
address".
-
We finish the command with
">".
-
Now we write the text that will
show up on our HTML document as a link.
-
Now we close the linking
command with the closing tag: </A>.
On your HTML document it will show
up like this:
My
second HTML document,
and after you click the link you
will be taken to "mydoc2.html" web page.
This link is related with the
document that is on the same computer and in the same directory as the
document with the link. Often the other document is in the different
directory or even on the different computer. That's why there are different
linking types:
-
Relative link - link to
a document that is located in the different directory. We start the link
with a directory where the document is located.
<A HREF="../different/mydoc2.html">My second
page</A>.
-
Absolute link - link to
a document that is located in the different directory. We start the link
with the root directory. For example:
<A HREF="users/username/HTML/different/mydoc2.html">My
second page</A>.
-
Common link - link to a
document mostly (but not necessary) located on the different computer.
In that case we use the full URL address, for example:
<A HREF="http://www.webmastertools4u.com/different/mydoc2.html">My
second page</A>.
Well, lets go to the
next tutorial Text formatting.
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